Wednesday, May 28, 2014

IHRC Co-Chair Joseph Federici Featured in Rutgers News!

Joseph P. Federici ’08, general counsel at the American University of Afghanistan (AUAF), credits two international law classes in his last year at Rutgers–Camden with setting him on the path as a human rights advocate.
Now co-chair of the International Human Rights Committee of the American Bar Association’s Section of International Law, Federici has been living in Kabul since the fall of 2013.

At AUAF, Federici teaches classes in addition to serving as general counsel and monitoring and evaluation specialist. Since opening in 2006, AUAF has grown from an initial enrollment of 50 students to more than 1,700 full and part-time students in 2014.

Though classroom teaching is new to him since reaching Kabul, Federici coached rowing teams at the University of Delaware and the U.S. Naval Academy before launching his international career. He says that teaching law in an embattled nation is meaningful for a number of reasons.

Read more about our wonderful Co-Chair here.

Tuesday, May 20, 2014

Free Teleconference: Combating Violence Against Women - What's Working?


Presented and co-sponsored by the ABA Section of International Law, International Human Rights Committee (IHRC)International Models Project on Women's Rights (IMPOWR); Asia /Pacific Committee; India Committee; NGO & Not-For-Profit Organizations Committee

Thursday, May 29
11:00 AM - 12:30 PM EDT

This is a FREE Non-CLE Teleconference 

Recent horrific and highly publicized attacks against women, international advocacy to combat sex trafficking, and efforts to pass I-VAWA and other legislation have heightened awareness about the global epidemic of violence against women. Less well-know are the various innovative and practical strategies and approaches around the globe that have significantly increased prosecutions and convictions of offenders, empowered women to vindicate their right to be free from violence, and otherwise improved the safety and security of women.

This teleconference will highlight best practices throughout the world to combat violence against women, including: mobile courts to enhance access to justice for victims in rural areas; coordinated response centers for victims of sexual violence; and, specialized units training of judges, police officers, prosecutors and local leaders/elders to educate them about gender violence and to ensure effective and timely investigations, prosecutions and convictions. Speakers will include representatives from advocacy groups operating in various regions of the world and judges/law enforcement personnel involved in developing/implementing these approaches.


MODERATOR:
Elizabeth Brundige, Executive Director, Avon Global Center for Women and Justice at Cornell Law School

SPEAKERS:
Gabriela Pastorino, Esq., Policy Advisor, Office of Women, Supreme Court of Argentina

Maimbo Ziela, Esq., Deputy Chief State Advocate - Gender Based Crimes, National Prosecutions Authority, Zambia

Smirti Minocha, Senior Program Officer, Human Rights Law Network, New Delhi, India

Please RSVP to Jonathan Lewis at jonathan.lewis@americanbar.org


WANT TO ASK OUR PANEL A QUESTION DURING THE TELECONFERENCE?

★ Email us at inthumrights@gmail.com or


★ Tweet us using #ABAIHRC


★ Follow us on Twitter @ABAIHRC






UPDATE (Jun 2): An audio recording of the above teleconference now available.


Tuesday, May 13, 2014

#BringBackOurGirls: 276 Schoolgirls Abducted in Nigeria, Threatened to be Sold into Slavery and Forced into Marriage

By Leann D. Stanick, J.D.

The international community has wearily awaited authorization to intervene as Nigerian families have been begging the government to recover 276 schoolgirls who were kidnapped from their school and hid in an undisclosed location in the forest. Threats of selling the girls, aged between 16 and 18, into slavery, forced marriages, and rape have outraged human rights activists worldwide.

On April 14, 276 the students were kidnapped in Chibok by a terrorist organization known as Boko Haram. Boko Haram, which translates to “Western education is sin”, states that its aim is to impose strict enforcement of the Sharia law across Africa.

A member of Boko Haram stated in a video obtained by Agence-France Presse:


“I abducted your girls. I will sell them in the market, by Allah. [. . .] There is a market for selling humans. Allah says I should sell. He commands me to sell. I will sell women. I sell women.” 

After the initial abduction, at least 8 more girls were kidnapped from a nearby village and 150 people were killed—some burned alive—in an attack on Gamboru Ngala, causing rising international pressures to find the missing girls.

International Intervention

Former prime minister and current United Nations’ special advisor on girls’ education, Gordon Brown, launched a fundraising and awareness campaign, stating:

“We cannot stop terrorism overnight, but we can make sure that its perpetrators are aware that murdering and abducting schoolchildren is a heinous crime that the international authorities are determined to punish.” 

Initially, foreign aid was mostly uninvited. As one representative put it: "If countries can help us by way of arming our people through modern surveillance equipment, for defence and all that, it will be most welcome. [But] what the Boko Haram is doing is not a formal kind of fight but a guerrilla kind of fight, and it is only the local people that will tell you how to fight it." However, after almost a month has passed without any signs of rescue, it seems that the Nigerian government is now more willing to concede to outside assistance. Efforts to retrieve the girls have been frivolous due to suspected leaks in the chain of command, which is evidenced by rescue plans being repeatedly ambushed.

Only after the Boko Haram attacked the village hosting troops that were searching for the girls did President Goodluck Jonathan accept U.S., British, and Chinese offers to aid in finding the girls. The United States offers law enforcement and military consultation, in conjunction with a joint coordination cell at the U.S. Embassy in Abuja aimed at providing intelligence, investigations, and hostage negotiation expertise. Great Britain is sending a team of experts. Satellite and intelligence services are also to be provided by China to assist in the search. 







International Cooperation in Countering Attacks on Human Rights 

The Boko Haram has been terrorizing Nigeria for years and is responsible for bombings, murders, attacks, and countless human rights violations. It is unfortunate that it took such a deplorable act as kidnapping 267 schoolgirls during their final exams to convince the Nigerian government to put down its shield of state sovereignty. At this point, it is no longer about government control, or a lack thereof. It is about violence against women, forced marriage, rape, human trafficking, modern-day slavery, kidnapping, mass murder, and other related crimes against humanity. 

With the advent of social media and other forms of technology spreading the news of the missing girls faster than ever, the hashtag #BringBackOurGirls has gone viral. Since the news stories developed so quickly, why is international governmental communication, cooperation, and interdependence still a seemingly slow-moving wheel? For the sake of international human rights and the girls themselves, the aid of three major superpowers ought to effect change in combating the Boko Haram immediately. 

Recent Updates

A Boko Haram leader recently stated on a second video that the girls would be released if imprisoned members of Boko Haram are freed. Approximately 100 of the kidnapped girls were seen in the video released again by Agence France-Presse. The Nigerian government continues to explore negotiation options. 

The United States is providing aerial surveillance, China and France are helping with search efforts, and Israel plans to send a team of counterterrorism experts.





Leann D. Stanick graduated from Florida Coastal School of Law having earned an International & Comparative Law Certificate, and recently passed the New York and New Jersey state bar exams. She completed an internship at the Special Tribunal for Lebanon, the Caribbean Law Clinic, and study abroad programs in Rwanda, South Africa, and the Cayman Islands. She is a new member of the ABA Section of International Law, International Human Rights Committee. 

Tuesday, May 6, 2014

Bring Back Our Girls!

Dozens of heavily armed terrorists rolled into the sleepy little town one night in a convoy of trucks, buses and vans. They made their way to the girls’ boarding school. The high school girls, asleep in their dormitory, awoke to gunfire. The attackers stormed the school, set it on fire, and, residents said, then herded several hundred terrified girls into the vehicles — and drove off and vanished.

That was April 15 in northern Nigeria. The girls were kidnapped by an extremist Muslim group called Boko Haram, whose name in the Hausa language means “Western education is a sin.”

These girls, ages 15 to 18 and Christians and Muslims alike, knew the risks of seeking an education, and schools in the area had closed in March for fear of terror attacks. But this school had reopened so that the girls — the stars of their families and villages — could take their final exams. They were expected to move on to become teachers, doctors, lawyers.

Instead, they reportedly are being auctioned off for $12 each to become “wives” of militants. About 50 girls escaped, but the police say that 276 are still missing — and the Nigerian government has done next to nothing to recover the girls.

“We are now asking for world power countries to intervene,” the desperate father of a missing 18-year-old girl, Ayesha, told me by phone. He said that the parents had given up on Nigerian government officials — “they are just saying lies” — and pleaded for international pressure on Nigeria to rescue the girls.

The parents pursued the kidnappers, carrying bows and arrows to confront militants armed with AK-47s, but finally had to turn back. The father, who asked not to be named for fear of retribution, said that the parents are now praying to God for the United States and United Nations to help get their daughters back.

While there has been a major international search for the missing people on Malaysian flight MH370, and nonstop news coverage, there has been no meaningful search for the even greater number of missing schoolgirls.

Read more of Nicholas Kristof's article here.

Inaugural Edition: IHRC Member Spotlight

We are extremely fortunate to have such an impressive, dynamic and diverse membership, engaged in some of the most pressing and important international human rights issues across the world as practitioners, advocates, academics, and concerned members of the bar. We wanted to provide a forum to allow our members to learn about each other and the great work our members are doing around the globe. This inaugural edition of the "IHRC Member Spotlight" features second-year law student and new member, Karen Hopkins, and our former co-chair, Mrs. Olufunmi Oluyede. Enjoy and look for future Member Spotlights on this blog. -Natalie Williams, IHRC Vice Chair of Outreach 




Olufunmi Oluyede (Mrs.)
Senior Partner, TRLPLAW
Former Co-Chair IHRC


1. Tell us about your practice and what sparked your interest in international human rights law.

TRLPLAW is primarily a Swiss verein. It’s a consortium of international commercial law firms with a multinational practice within two core practice areas -a dispute resolution practice and a transactions practice. These essentially comprise banking and finance, civil and criminal litigation, alternative dispute resolution, corporate and commercial law, energy and natural resources, maritime and admiralty, entertainment law, intellectual property, property law, etc. We operate out of various offices in Nigeria, the UK, USA and pretty much everywhere our services are required globally.

The promotion and protection of the value/significance and interests of humans (i.e. human rights) at the domestic, regional -and especially international level is central to a wholesome global corporate citizenship. The dire need to maintain the human dimension of our work, and to ensure a sense of social responsibility in dealings with the rights, relations, and conduct of persons and businesses engaged in transnational commerce, is accordingly, a sine qua non to success in my area of practice. That in essence, inspired my personal interest in international human rights law ab initio.


2. What do you like most about your practice?

The commerce world is generally viewed as a productive one. However, inter alia, I mostly enjoy the fact that ours is an exciting, fast-paced environment with high-end, often complex litigation and challenging transactional legal work -all under the able auspices of specialized, experienced partner-colleagues in various jurisdictions regionally and globally. This structure, per se, provides the much-needed foundation for individual and corporate success.


3. Tell us about some interesting human rights matters you have worked on.

There have been quite a few. During the years of military dictatorship in Nigeria, we’ve argued landmark cases in Habeas Corpus and Fundamental Human Rights Enforcement in the UK. In recent times, we’ve had cases involving rights to property as protected by the African Charter on Human & Peoples’ Rights. We’ve obtained judgment for high-end clients for breach of fundamental rights of presumption of innocence vis-à-vis investigations into the administration of Government subsidy regarding certain regulated petroleum products. There have been various cases (unlawful detention et al) arising from the abuse of investigative and prosecutorial rules of the Economic & Financial Crimes Commission.


4. How long have you been a member of the International Human Rights Committee?

The Committee was my first/paramount choice when I joined the ABA SIL in 2008 -about six years ago.


5. What initiatives have you most enjoyed and what would you like to see the Committee tackle in the future?

I’ve pretty much enjoyed all aspects of the work of the Committee. Becky and I (as Co-Chairs of the Committee) had an outstanding support team of assiduous members -with whom we were able to excel in every sphere of endeavor -culminating in the phenomenal growth of the Committee -plus that momentous six awards Incident in one legal year! That I will always cherish. Great to see the current leadership also progressing in leaps and bounds. I would however want to see the Committee accomplish even greater exploits than we did -with every initiative and in every area -be it programs, policy, publication et al. Moreover, we would do well to carefully maintain our ‘international’ outlook (and also that of the Section) by ensuring a global geographical diversity and perspective generally in all our undertakings. After all, we are the International Human Rights Committee of the International Section of the ABA!







Karen Hopkins
Juris Doctor Candidate, 2L
UDC David Clarke School of Law


1. What sparked your interest in international human rights law?

I am a rising 2L studying human rights and international law at UDC David Clarke School of Law in Washington, DC. UDC Law is best known for its clinical programs and public interest focus.

I am currently interning for the Department of State's Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor. In May, I will begin a six-month internship with the International Criminal Court's Trust Fund for Victims.

My interest in development and human rights began at age 15 when I traveled to Haiti. I witnessed challenges families face such as severe malnutrition, untreated HIV/AIDS, and overcrowded classrooms. I also caught a glimpse of families who would share their meal of rice and beans with strangers, doctors developing creative methods to stop the advancement of disease, and students who would help their siblings with homework by candlelight. This dichotomy was both the most profound injustice I’ve ever witnessed and also the most profound steps toward justice; steps taken by ‘ordinary’ people. Haitians taught me three core values: no matter where you come from, education is a route out of poverty, youth are society’s most powerful and passionate change- makers, flaws inherent in global political and social structures perpetuate the cycle of poverty and human rights violations. This experience cemented my resolve to work to transform the systems that create and maintain the cycle of human rights abuses that affect individuals and communities at home and abroad.

2. What excites you most about your upcoming internship?

The Trust Fund for Victims (TFV) provides assistance and implements projects for victims of war crimes and crimes against humanity. The TFV provides victims and families in Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo with physical rehabilitation, material support, and/or psychological rehabilitation. Survivors of torture, mutilation, and gender-based violence receive support through reintegration programs, educational opportunities, health and counseling services that incorporate both gender-specific and child-specific interventions. www.trustfundforvictims.org.

An internship with the ICC unites the intersecting elements of human rights, development and protection of vulnerable communities through social justice and legal mechanisms. My internship duties will include:(1) research, including research in international criminal law, transitional justice and the operational
realities of assisting victims of mass atrocities; (2) drafting of memoranda, speeches, minutes and other documents and input for internal and external reports; and (3) assisting Secretariat staff with tasks related to project management.

3. Tell us about an interesting international human rights matter you have worked on.

As a servant-leader, I have contributed to various human rights campaigns in Asia, Africa and Latin America. I developed youth- led human rights education programs and engaged youth in raising awareness about the impact of genocide and modern forms of slavery among their peers. In 2008, I was awarded Amnesty’s Human Rights Fellowship and sent to Burkina Faso to help document the first West African Youth Forum. Youth leaders petitioned for the release of Nigerian youth named Patrick Okoroafor, imprisoned for 14 years and sentenced to death for stealing. As a result of these advocacy efforts, Nigeria commuted the death sentence and Patrick was finally released in 2012.

Based on this experience and other volunteer work, I published a paper in the Journal of Human Rights Practice entitled "Amnesty International's Methods of Engaging Youth in Human Rights Education: Curriculum in the United States and Experiential Learning in Burkina Faso." The paper compares Amnesty's Human Rights Education Service Corps curriculum-based awareness approach to working with DC high school students and a transformational approach to experiential learning through Amnesty's first Youth Forum in Africa in Burkina Faso.

4. Why did you decide to join the International Human Rights Committee and what issues or initiatives are you most interested in working on as a member of the committee?


I hope to dedicate my career to combating the most egregious rights violations: modern slavery and genocide perpetuated by illicit trades in people, natural resources and arms. I also feel very passionate about the importance of human rights education to engage youth in thinking critically about human rights in their communities and strengthening youth participation in creating positive change through activism. I joined the IHRC to begin meeting with others in the field with similar dedication to social justice and to get involved in programs such as the ICC Project, Anti-Human Trafficking and education of decision makers about the importance of integrating human rights into decision-making processes.


*Contact IHRC's Outreach Vice Chair if want to join the International Human Rights Committee, be featured in an upcoming IHRC Member Spotlight or recommend another member you'd like to see featured.